encode ( "Windows-1252" ) Encoding::UndefinedConversionError: U+2211 to WINDOWS-1252 in conversion from UTF-8 to WINDOWS-1252 Changing the encoding changed how the string printed, without changing the bytes.Īnd not all strings can be represented in all encodings: irb(main):006:0> "hi∑". bytes => # What would that string look like interpreted as ISO-8859-5 instead? Take a look at what a single set of bytes looks like when you try different encodings: # Try an ISO-8859-1 string with a special character! And a string’s encoding defines that relationship. But there’s still a relationship between bytes and characters. Instead of one byte, ṏ is represented by the group of bytes. Now it’s harder to tell which number represents which character. It gets trickier when you use characters that are less common in English: irb(main):002:0> "hellṏ!". ![]() In this encoding, 104 means h, 33 means !, and so on. You can think of a string as an array of bytes, or small numbers: irb(main):001:0> "hello!". If you can imagine what encoding does to a string, these bugs are easier to fix. So, when you have a bad encoding, how do you figure out what broke? And how can you fix it? What is an encoding? Or maybe “they’re” starts showing up as “they’re”. ![]() When you check your exception tracker and see Encoding::InvalidByteSequenceError: "\xFE" on UTF-8 You only really think about a string’s encoding when it breaks.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |